The Constitution of India
Read it. It is yours. Every right you have against the State is in here, and most people have never read a word of it. This is the full text, searchable, with no login and no charge.
Preamble
WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens: JUSTICE, social, economic and political; LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship; EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation; IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION
Adopted, enacted and given to themselves by the people of India, 26 November 1949.
Start here
The Articles people are usually looking for when they arrive.
- 14Equality before law
The State shall not deny equality before the law to any person.
- 15No discrimination
Prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
- 19Freedom of speech
The six freedoms, and the limits the Constitution itself places on them.
- 21Life and personal liberty
The article most often cited in court to expand what a citizen is owed.
- 21ARight to education
Free and compulsory education for children aged six to fourteen.
- 25Freedom of religion
Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion.
- 32Right to constitutional remedies
The right to move the Supreme Court to enforce these rights.
- 51AFundamental Duties
The duties every citizen owes, added by the 42nd Amendment.
- 243Panchayats
Local self-government - the tier closest to where problems actually happen.
- 324Election Commission
Superintendence and control of elections.
- 368Amendment
How the Constitution itself may be changed.
Browse by Part
The Constitution is organised into Parts. Part III is your rights; Part IV is what the State is meant to aim at; Part IXA is why your municipal ward exists.
- Part I4
The Union and its Territory
Articles 1 to 4
- Part II7
Citizenship
Articles 5 to 11
- Part III30
Fundamental Rights
Articles 12 to 35
- Part IV19
Directive Principles of State Policy
Articles 36 to 51
- Part IVA1
Fundamental Duties
Articles 51A
- Part V102
The Union
Articles 52 to 151
- Part VI87
The States
Articles 152 to 237
- Part VII1
The States in Part B of the First Schedule (Repealed)
Articles 238
- Part VIII7
The Union Territories
Articles 239 to 241
- Part IX16
The Panchayats
Articles 243 to 243O
- Part IXA18
The Municipalities
Articles 243P to 243ZG
- Part IXB13
The Co-operative Societies
Articles 243ZH to 243ZT
- Part X2
The Scheduled and Tribal Areas
Articles 244 to 244A
- Part XI20
Relations between the Union and the States
Articles 245 to 263
- Part XII38
Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits
Articles 264 to 300A
- Part XIII6
Trade, Commerce and Intercourse within India
Articles 301 to 307
- Part XIV15
Services under the Union and the States
Articles 308 to 323
- Part XIVA2
Tribunals
Articles 323A to 323B
- Part XV6
Elections
Articles 324 to 329
- Part XVI14
Special Provisions relating to certain Classes
Articles 330 to 342
- Part XVII11
Official Language
Articles 343 to 351
- Part XVIII9
Emergency Provisions
Articles 352 to 360
- Part XIX9
Miscellaneous
Articles 361 to 367
- Part XX1
Amendment of the Constitution
Articles 368
- Part XXI22
Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions
Articles 369 to 392
- Part XXII4
Short Title, Commencement, Authoritative Text in Hindi and Repeals
Articles 393 to 395
About this copy
What it does not include
Covers the Preamble and all Articles. The Twelve Schedules and the amendment history are not included in this source; use the Legislative Department publication for those.
- Preamble, included
- All 464 Articles, included
- The Twelve Schedules, not in this source
- Amendment history, not in this source
Where it comes from
Community-compiled from the official text. Reproduced for public reference under section 52(1)(q) of the Copyright Act, 1957. Verify against the Legislative Department publication before relying on it for any legal purpose.
- Compiled by:
- civictech-India/constitution-of-india
- Original:
- Government of India, Legislative Department
- Checksum:
- 4ac17b53c4657607
Reference copy. Not legal advice.
Why a political party is handing you this
Because the Constitution is the document you would use against us. Article 19 protects your right to criticise this party. Article 32 is how you enforce a right when any government, including one we might one day form, ignores it. A party that wanted deference would not put that in your hands.
Our own party constitution is a separate document, and a lesser one, it binds us, not you.